Employment by Industry and Wages: 1967 to 2006

1967 to 2002 SIC Data
2001 to 2006 NAICS Data
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1967 to 2002 Data

Year	Total Annual Payroll²	Avg. Annual Wage²	Establish- ments^2,3	Employment by Industry (by SIC Code)^1,2
Year	Total Annual Payroll²	Avg. Annual Wage²	Establish- ments^2,3	Total^2,4	Agriculture Forestry Fishing	Govern- ment	Const- ruction	Manufac- turing	TCPU⁵	Trade	FIRE⁶	Services
1967	$458,150,700	$6,963	2,477	65,798	120	NA	3,999	25,028	8,132	17,429	1,846	9,245
1968	$485,855,100	$7,407	2,422	65,592	111	NA	3,882	24,253	7,520	17,934	1,988	9,904
1969	$539,940,000	$7,921	2,375	68,162	106	NA	3,923	24,618	8,340	18,505	2,092	10,578
1970	$551,829,200	$8,402	2,365	65,678	110	NA	3,395	22,249	8,837	18,035	2,383	10,670
1971	$560,946,000	$8,994	2,358	62,367	105	NA	3,297	19,571	9,158	17,669	2,198	10,369
1972⁷	$825,744,700	$9,585	2,318	86,153	111	NA	3,454	19,214	9,960	16,858	2,051	34,506
1973⁸	$863,705,700	$10,030	2,347	86,111	104	NA	2,931	18,272	10,538	16,355	2,092	35,817
1974	$925,966,000	$10,788	2,322	85,834	91	NA	2,929	18,323	10,270	15,647	2,388	36,179
1975	$857,112,100	$10,923	2,371	78,471	98	NA	2,213	16,562	2,628	15,173	2,257	39,530
1976	$973,048,000	$12,158	2,392	80,032	99	NA	1,681	17,367	2,766	14,808	2,140	41,160
1977	$1,001,203,100	$12,658	2,488	79,094	104	NA	1,564	18,057	2,927	15,211	2,186	39,034
1978	$1,132,483,300	$14,483	2,614	83,325	121	NA	1,610	18,974	2,765	14,797	2,242	42,800
1979⁹	$1,321,848,791	$14,451	2,749	83,980	133	7,490	1,455	16,765	2,739	15,255	2,422	45,187
1980	$1,391,451,300	$15,116	2,629	92,044	141	7,095	2,340	16,260	2,526	14,932	2,549	46,177
1981	$1,580,685,400	$17,113	2,673	92,363	172	6,885	2,632	15,448	2,657	14,924	2,555	47,044
1982	$1,675,165,800	$18,489	2,727	90,602	175	6,232	2,603	14,007	2,760	14,880	2,843	47,041
1983	$1,792,418,100	$19,756	2,744	90,724	186	6.350	1,648	12,352	2,698	15,678	2,699	49,047
1984	$2,006,315,900	$20,857	2,841	96,192	137	6,355	1,740	13,330	2,875	15,870	2,927	52,880
1985	$2,140,904,000	$22,571	2,929	94,848	131	6,418	2,060	12,295	3,013	15,854	3,051	51,947
1986¹⁰	$2,359,021,250	$24,301	3,189	97,073	122	6,512	1,915	11,331	2,785	16,704	3,270	54,363
1987	$2,580,720,000	$26,150	3,350	98,686	133	6,450	1,467	10,538	2,231	17,383	3,526	56,878
1988¹¹	$2,851,780,750	$28,341	3,428	100,621	145	6,515	1,455	10,499	2,159	16,889	3,110	59,737
1989	$3,043,070,374	$29,821	3,449	102,043	139	6,672	1,362	7,819	1,847	16,720	3,612	63,741
1990	$3,205,499,693	$31,038	3,587	103,278	127	6,831	1,358	7,467	2,165	15,536	3,398	66,327
1991	$3,406,492,992	$33,622	3,533	101,317	130	7,662	1,251	7,179	2,127	15,129	3,111	64,677
1992	$3,587,656,660	$35,652	3,445	100,631	138	7,704	1,446	6,555	2,006	15,342	2,579	64,797
1993	$3,754,750,570	$37,641	3,607	99,751	150	7,639	1,013	6,272	2,137	14,869	2,552	65,051
1994	$3,899,765,108	$38,620	3,717	100,978	152	7,649	1,794	6,848	2,321	15,360	2,811	63,978
1995	$4,239,326,728	$40,767	3,855	103,988	170	7,547	1,515	6,407	2,147	15,843	3,085	67,204
1996	$4,486,878,034	$41,840	3,929	107,240	171	7,036	1,583	5,990	2,414	16,233	3,364	70,413
1997	$4,951,645,352	$45,199	3,827	109,553	210	8,053	2,319	6,422	2,321	16,667	3,503	70,168
1998	$5,363,854,549	$47,427	3,967	113,098	190	7,907	2,624	6,507	2,418	17,831	3,863	71,735
1999	$5,940,670,674	$53,363	4,033	111,325	214	8,255	2,872	5,572	2,253	17,221	3,826	71,081
2000	$6,796,545,302	$58,781	4,008	115,625	260	8,784	3,682	5,599	2,194	17,411	3,513	74,148
2001	$6,527,454,590	$57,521	4,009	113,479	290	8,217	4,001	5,644	2,171	17,355	3,384	72,384
2002¹²	$6,015,985,137	$56,936	3,969	105,662	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

1.Industry definitions mirror those used by Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code system. Changes in industry definitions occurred in both 1973 (implementation of the 1972 SIC changes) and 1988 (implementation of the 1987 SIC changes), so employment by industry data before and after either change may not be strictly comparable. A number of minor SIC changes also occurred in 1978, but these do not affect the data in the table.
2. Due to extensions in coverage in 1972 and 1980, prior years data is not comparable. See Notes 7 and 9 for details.
3. In 1986 a definition change resulted in an increase in establishment counts, so prior years data is not strictly comparable.
4. Mining firms are not included in the industry breakdown but are included in total employment.
5. TCPU = Transportation, Communication and Public Utilities.
6. FIRE = Finance, Insurance and Real Estate.
7. On January 1, 1972 coverage was extended to include most employees of non-profit organizations formed and operated for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, educational or certain other purposes. Due to these changes, prior years information are not comparable.
8. See Note 1. Prior years employment by industry data may not be strictly comparable.
9. Two changes occurred in 1979. For the first time the table includes data stemming from the 1978 changes to the Massachusetts Unemployment Security Law, which added most employees of state and local government, of non-profit pre-elementary, elementary and secondary schools and of certain larger agricultural establishments, as well as to certain domestic workers. In addition, data was incorporated for the first time for employees covered by the Compensation for Federal Employees Law. Due to these changes, prior year figures are not comparable.
10. See Note 2. Prior year establishments data not comparable.
11. See Note 1. Prior years employment by industry data may not be strictly comparable.
12. Following changes at the Federal level, the Massachusetts Division of Unemployment Assistance now collects data using the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS), rather than the SIC system previously in use in the United States. DET does not plan to analyze NAICS data for 2002 and subsequent years to mirror the broad employment divisions found in the SIC system. To obtain sub-sector employment data for 2002 to present go to the following table or go to DUA's Employment and Wages data collection tool.

Source: Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Executive Office of Labor and Workforce Development, ES-202 Series, 2003.

2001 to 2006 NAICS Data

Year	Total Annual Payroll	Avg. Annual Wage	Establish- ments	Employment¹
				Total	Constr- uction	Manufac- turing	Trade, Trans., and Utilities	Inform- ation	Services					Public Admin.
				Total	Constr- uction	Manufac- turing	Trade, Trans., and Utilities	Inform- ation	Financial	Prof. and Business	Educ. and Health	Leisure and Hosp.	Other Services	Public Admin.
2001²	$6,527,454,590	$57,521	4,009	113,465	4,859	4,636	11,861	7,242	3,169	30,440	37,016	9,360	2,173	2,659
2002	$6,015,985,137	$56,936	3,969	105,662	4,457	5,008	11,498	5,231	2,706	25,000	37,787	9,027	2,219	2,694
2003	$6,081,303,417	$58,940	3,969	103,177	4,138	4,817	11,019	4,987	2,541	23,454	38,227	9,061	2,234	2,674
2004	$6,318,523,578	$63,440	3,970	99,591	2,947	3,550	11,034	4,871	2,569	23,892	37,154	8,757	2,198	2,598
2005	$6,802,093,058	$66,508	3,819	102,272	2,516	3,564	11,205	5,206	2,370	24,949	38,046	9,042	2,263	2,639
Second Quarter 2006³	6,787,988,944	$64,853	3,833	104,668	1,980	3,449	10,634	4,811	2,526	26,713	40,681	9,037	2,160	2,656

1. Industry definitions mirror those used by North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) code system. Natural Resources and Mining firms are not included in the industry breakdown but are included in total employment.
2. The 2001 figures are equivalent to those found in the preceding table. The data has been recoded using the NAICS system, which replaced the SIC system.
3. Payroll and Wage figures are annualized, based on second quarter data.

Source: Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Executive Office of Labor and Workforce Development , ES-202 Series, 2003.

Chart showing number of persons employed in Cambridge from 1980 to 2006

Frequently Asked Questions about This Information

Where does this information come from? The information in this table derives from reports filed by establishments subject to either the Massachusetts Employment Security Law (1967 to present) or the Compensation for Federal Employees Law (1980 to present).

What population of workers does the table cover? This table provide information about members of the Cambridge workforce, i. e., persons who work in Cambridge regardless of home address; it does not refer solely to Cambridge residents. The only workers included are those covered by either of the two laws cited above.

Which workers are not included? Firms and employed persons not subject to the unemployment tax are not included in these statistics. The only employees currently excluded from coverage are those of religious organizations, smaller agricultural firms, certain domestic services, self employment and unpaid family service. Railroad employees are covered by a separate law and their employment in Cambridge, if any, is not included above.

Has the population of covered workers changed over time? Beginning on January 1, 1972 most non-profit organizations formed and operated for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, educational or certain other purposes became covered by the Massachusetts Employment Security Law, and this change is reflected as of the same year the table. On January 1, 1978 coverage was extended to most employees of state and local government, of non-profit pre-elementary, elementary and secondary schools and of certain larger agricultural establishments, as well as to certain domestic workers. The data series first incorporates the 1978 changes in 1980.

So which religious workers are and are not covered? Religious workers who perform primarily religious duties are not covered, including priests, ministers and rabbis. Employees of religious organizations who perform primarily secular functions are included in the table as of 1972, including parochial school teachers and social workers.

Do firms with multiple locations pose reporting problems? Note that the reporting problems of large employers may result in either under or over reporting of employment. Large employers, such as utilities may attribute all employment to an office located in a central location, rather than to multiple locations. Abrupt increases or decreases in employment may result from a change in reporting by a multi-location employer. A number of such reporting problems have been resolved over time, improving the quality of the data series. However, this problem makes year to year comparisons somewhat problematic.

For More Information

For additional information about the ES-202 data series, see the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages Home Page hosted by the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the Employment and Wages page in the Massachusetts Executive Office of Labor and Workforce Development web site.

For information SIC codes go to the OSHA SIC web site.

For information about NAICS codes go to the Census NAICS web site.

For more information about socioeconomic and demographic statistics about Cambridge, please contact Cliff Cook, ccook@cambridgema.gov, Planning Information Manager, at 617/349-4656.

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